Ethiopia follows its own unique calendar, which consists of twelve months of 30 days each and a thirteenth month of five days, or six days during a leap year. As a result, the Ethiopian calendar is approximately eight years behind the Gregorian calendar from January to September and seven years behind between September 11 and January 8.

Enkutatash, meaning “Gift of Jewels,” marks the Ethiopian New Year and is celebrated on September 11 (or September 12 during a leap year). According to tradition, the festival commemorates the return of the legendary Queen of Sheba from her journey to visit King Solomon in Jerusalem. Upon her return, her chiefs welcomed her by replenishing her treasury with inku (jewels), giving the holiday its name.

The celebration coincides with the end of the long rainy season, when the countryside bursts into vibrant shades of green and fields are covered with blooming yellow Adey Abeba flowers. Across the country, singing, dancing, and festive gatherings fill villages and towns as people welcome the new year with joy and optimism.

While Enkutatash has deep historical and religious significance, it is also a widely celebrated cultural holiday. Families and friends exchange New Year greetings, visit loved ones, and share festive meals. In urban areas, the tradition of exchanging New Year cards and messages has become increasingly popular, complementing the customary gift of fresh flowers. Today, Enkutatash remains one of Ethiopia’s most cherished celebrations, symbolizing renewal, hope, and the beginning of a new year.